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CARTA: The Evolution of Human Nutrition

University of California Television (UCTV)
1.37M subscribers
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136K views 12 years ago
Tracing the evolution of the human diet from our earliest ancestors can lead to a better understanding of human adaptation in the past. It may also offer clues to the origin of many health problems we currently face, such as obesity and chronic disease. This fascinating series of talks focuses on the changing diets of our ancestors and what role these dietary transitions played in the evolution of humans. Leslie C. Aiello (Wenner-Gren Foundation) begins with An Overview of Diet and Evolution, followed by Richard Wrangham (Harvard Univ) on Fire, Starch, Meat, and Honey Steven Leigh (Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) on Diets and Microbes in Primates. [2/2013] [Show ID: 24807] Explore More Health & Medicine on UCTV (https://www.uctv.tv/health) UCTV features the latest in health and medicine from University of California medical schools. Find the information you need on cancer, transplantation, obesity, disease and much more. Explore More  …...more
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Paleo Diet

2:12

Caveman Cookies

3:35

The Dietary Hypothesis for Human Evolution

6:46

Seed-Eating Hypothesis

8:56

Australopithecus

11:07

Australopithecines

11:33

Tapeworms

12:00

Human Tapeworms

12:09

Expensive Tissue Hypothesis

13:35

Positive Relationship between Basal Metabolic Rate and Brain Weight

16:21

Relationship between Brain Size and Adipose Tissue

17:47

Foods That Are Eaten Raw

24:02

Three Elements of the Food Supply

28:03

What Happens to the Raw Starch

29:16

Ileal Digestibility

30:46

Effect on Net Energy Gain of Eating Your Food Cooked

32:18

Effects of Cooking Is To Increase the Softness of the Food

35:01

Honey

36:10

Summary

38:54

How Important Is the Gi Microbiome in Human Evolution

41:02

How Are We Doing this Our Study Breaks into Two Major Parts the First Part Is Taxonomy and in Essence Looking at the Structure of the Microbiome What Who's There What How Is It Structured How Are the Bacteria and the Microbiome Related to One another and Do those Differ across Primate Species We'Re Taking Advantage of New Very New Sequencing Technologies That Generate Incredible Quantities of Data and We'Re Actually Taking Advantage of 16s Rna Molecule Which Is Very Conservative in Bacteria and Allows Us To Make Statements about Bacterial Taxonomy Running It through Various Pipelines To Get to the Point of Statistics

46:36

Very New Sequencing Technologies That Generate Incredible Quantities of Data and We'Re Actually Taking Advantage of 16s Rna Molecule Which Is Very Conservative in Bacteria and Allows Us To Make Statements about Bacterial Taxonomy Running It through Various Pipelines To Get to the Point of Statistics and Interpretation so the First Part of Our Project Is Really Taxonomic the Second Part Is What's Called Meta Genomic Are Functional Here We'Re Trying To Figure Out What the Genes That Come with the Microbes Are Actually Doing So We'Re Saying What's the Taxonomy What's the What's the Structure of the Ecosystem

46:57

Here We'Re Trying To Figure Out What the Genes That Come with the Microbes Are Actually Doing So We'Re Saying What's the Taxonomy What's the What's the Structure of the Ecosystem and We'Re Asking What Does that Ecosystem Do and Again Using Various Sequencing Technologies To Get to that What Are We Finding We'Re Finding some Very Interesting Results with Our Cross Species Comparison So I'M Going To Give Kind of a Limited View of those Here Today One Thing We Seem To Be Finding Is Integration between Diets and Micro Biomes and the Example That I'M Showing Here Is from Black Howler Monkeys or Ala Wada Pea Gras this Is an Endangered Species That Occupies the Yucatan Peninsula the Population Has Been under Investigation by Dr Alejandro Estrada for Many Years

47:24

We Think Therefore that There Are some Very Important Correlations between Habitat Quality and Microbiome That Might Be Very Important in Primate Concert Conservation and May Give Us some Insights into Human Evolution because We Are Fundamentally Talking about Habitat Changes Let Me Take another Look at this this Is another View of What We Were Just Talking about Our Rainforest Our Fragments Are Semi Deciduous and Then Our Captives We Could Look at this Graph as Kind of a Map of Four Different Cities

49:16

Each City Has a Number of Neighborhoods in It and these Neighborhoods Are Composed of Related Microbial Taxes so There's a Blue Family Group if You Will There's a There's a Group of Related People or Microbes Living in a Neighborhood in each One of these Cities and You Can See that in this Particular City We Have Lots and Lots of Neighborhoods some of these Are Very Densely Occupied and There Are Closed Interactions among Them the Lines Are Showing Interactions among these Microbial Taxa some Are More like the Suburbs

49:45
CARTA: The Evolution of Human Nutrition
1.5KLikes
136,190Views
2013Feb 20
Tracing the evolution of the human diet from our earliest ancestors can lead to a better understanding of human adaptation in the past. It may also offer clues to the origin of many health problems we currently face, such as obesity and chronic disease. This fascinating series of talks focuses on the changing diets of our ancestors and what role these dietary transitions played in the evolution of humans. Leslie C. Aiello (Wenner-Gren Foundation) begins with An Overview of Diet and Evolution, followed by Richard Wrangham (Harvard Univ) on Fire, Starch, Meat, and Honey Steven Leigh (Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) on Diets and Microbes in Primates. [2/2013] [Show ID: 24807] Explore More Health & Medicine on UCTV (https://www.uctv.tv/health) UCTV features the latest in health and medicine from University of California medical schools. Find the information you need on cancer, transplantation, obesity, disease and much more. Explore More Science & Technology on UCTV (https://www.uctv.tv/science) Science and technology continue to change our lives. University of California scientists are tackling the important questions like climate change, evolution, oceanography, neuroscience and the potential of stem cells. UCTV is the broadcast and online media platform of the University of California, featuring programming from its ten campuses, three national labs and affiliated research institutions. UCTV explores a broad spectrum of subjects for a general audience, including science, health and medicine, public affairs, humanities, arts and music, business, education, and agriculture. Launched in January 2000, UCTV embraces the core missions of the University of California -- teaching, research, and public service – by providing quality, in-depth television far beyond the campus borders to inquisitive viewers around the world. (https://www.uctv.tv)

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University of California Television (UCTV)

1.37M subscribers